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According to comprehensive foreign reports, on August 1, Russia exchanged 26 prisoners with the United States, Germany, Poland, Slovenia, Norway and Belarus at Ankara Airport in central Türkiye, which was the largest prisoner exchange operation since the end of the cold war. It is understood that the prisoners released by Western countries include not only the Wall Street Journal journalist Gershkovich who was detained in Russia, but also former Marine Corps member Whelan who was imprisoned in 2018, as well as Russian opposition figure Yashin. Prisoners released by Western countries, including Russian assassin Krasykov imprisoned in Germany. Some analysts said that the prisoner exchange operation may bring diplomatic victory to US President Biden, who promised to bring back the Americans detained in Russia. For Russian President Putin, this is also a victory. He can use this transaction to strengthen the loyalty of Russian agents captured abroad to him. But the prisoner exchange operation carries certain risks, as the release of political dissidents may incentivize the exiled Russian opposition. 02Myanmar extends state of emergency for another six months According to Yangon News, on July 31st, the Myanmar military government extended the national state of emergency for another six months. It is reported that Myanmar has been in a state of emergency since the military launched a coup in February 2021 to seize power. July 31st was originally the last day of the state of emergency, but according to Myanmar Radio and Television, the Myanmar Defense and Security Council has unanimously decided to extend the state of emergency for another six months. This is the sixth extension of the state of emergency by the military government. It is understood that the leader of the military government, Min Ang le, proposed to extend the state of emergency in order to hold elections and conduct a census. Min Ang Lai has repeatedly promised to hold multi-party elections, with the most recent one being this yearIn June, he stated that he would hold a general election in 2025. Critics point out that according to the 2008 constitution drafted by the military, elections must be held within six months after the lifting of the state of emergency, so extending the state of emergency would also delay the election date. And the military government has promised that the upcoming elections will not be free or fair. The military government dissolved the National League for Democracy led by former State Counsellor Hideyoshi Onyama and 39 other political parties in March last year, citing failure to re register in accordance with the new election regulations. Washington Comprehensive News,On August 1st,The first batch provided by NATO member states to UkraineF-16 fighter jets have arrived locally. It is reported that the F-16 fighter jet is manufactured by Lockheed Martin of the United States and has been on Ukraine's wish list due to its strong destructive power and global availability. But US President Biden did not approve the shipment of F-16 fighter jets to Ukraine until May last year. Denmark and the Netherlands previously pledged to donate 19 and 24 F-16 fighter jets respectively. Norway announced that it will donate six F-16 fighter jets to Ukraine. Ukrainian pilots and ground crew have received months of training. Ukrainian President ZelenskyexpressAlthough Ukraine insists on restoringThe territorial boundaries after the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, but if conditions permit, they will consider negotiating with Russia before the complete withdrawal of Russian troops. He pointed out that the whole world, including Ukraine, hopes that Russia will participate in the proposed second peace summit, otherwise the talks will not achieve meaningful results. 01Manufacturing industry continues to shrink in most parts of Asia Bloomberg reported that on August 1, the global data released by Standard&Poor's showed that in July, Taiwan, China's manufacturing purchasing managers' index (PMI) fell to 52.9 from 53.2 in June, and South Korea's PMI fell to 51.4 from 52. According to the index compilation agency, Japan's AU Bank, Japan's manufacturing PMI has further declined from 50 in June to 49.1. In addition, manufacturing industries in southern Asia, Vietnam, Thailand, and the PhilippinesPMI remains above the 50 boom bust line, while Indonesia has entered a contraction zone. The Malaysian manufacturing PMI further declined from 49.9 in June to 49.7. Renowned economists analyze that PMI is generally used to measure the economic condition of manufacturing or service industries. When the PMI value decreases, it means that the economic activity of the industry has decreased. The above data indicates that manufacturing activity in most parts of Asia has shrunk, new orders have decreased, and production has declined. 01Indonesia tightens tobacco regulations Jakarta News: Recently, Indonesia has raised the minimum age limit for purchasing cigarettes from 18 to 21 years old. It is reported that in addition to raising the age for buying cigarettes, the new regulations also prohibit street vendors from selling single cigarettes and prohibit businesses from selling cigarettes within 200 meters of schools and playgrounds, in order to reduce the opportunities for young people to come into contact with cigarettes. In addition, merchants are not allowed to sell cigarettes and electronic cigarettes through e-commerce platforms and social media, nor are they allowed to publish related advertisements on social media. Violators will receive a written warning or be ordered to suspend advertising. According to data from the World Health Organization, Indonesia is one of the world's largest tobacco producing countries and also has one of the highest smoking rates, with approximately70 million adult smokers. According to data from the Indonesian Ministry of Health in 2022, tobacco causes approximately 290000 deaths annually. The Indonesian government has been seeking to revise tobacco laws since 2018, but progress has been slow due to industry resistance. In the past few years, Indonesia has attempted to curb smoking by increasing tobacco taxes. In 2022, Indonesia will raise tobacco taxes by 12%, resulting in an average increase of 35% in cigarette prices. This year, the average tobacco tax has been raised by another 10%. 02The death toll from landslides in India has risen to 277 According to reports from India, on July 30th, multiple landslides occurred in the southern Indian state of Kerala due to continuous heavy rainfall. The death toll has risen to 277, with an additional 240 people missing. The continuous rainfall has led to numerous difficulties in rescue operations. According to the Indian news agency Yonhap, 82 disaster relief and resettlement sites have been established in the Wayanad region, providing services to over 8000 affected residents. In addition, rainstorm has also affected large areas including the capital New Delhi. Currently, only the New Delhi region has11 people died due to electric shock, wall collapse, and other reasons. More than 50 people are missing after the dam of a power station in Himachal Pradesh broke due to rainstorm. Multiple roads in North Akhund state have been washed away, trapping over 200 people. The Indian meteorological department has issued a red alert for the rainfall situation in New Delhi and surrounding areas. The New Delhi city government has requested schools to suspend classes and advised the public to avoid going out. According to Xinhua News Agency, an international team led by Professor Gao Qi from the University of Birmingham in the UK recently studied various forests, including the Amazon tropical rainforest, temperate broad-leaved forests in the UK, and northern coniferous forests in Sweden. The results showed that trees may emit small amounts of methane near the soil, but their ability to absorb methane increases significantly with height, and the amount of methane absorbed from the environment far exceeds the emissions. Researchers believe that microorganisms on tree bark decompose and utilize methane.theyBy calculating the total area of tree bark worldwide,obtainTrees worldwide can absorb approximately every year24.6 million tons to 49.9 million tons of methane. Due to the much stronger greenhouse effect of methane than carbon dioxide, research suggests that the climate benefits provided by trees worldwide are 10% higher than previously thought. This research achievement helps people to re-examine the role of forests in global carbon cycling and addressing climate change. In the past, most researchers believed that soil was the only large-scale methane "absorption pool" on land.
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