In 586 BC, the Babylonian Empire captured the Kingdom of Judah, destroyed Solomon's temple, and carried away most of the Jewish people, which was known as the "Babylonian exile" of the Jews. Jews lost their country and began a long history of exile.

In exile, Jews did not give up their faith and identity, but more firmly adhered to their traditions. They compiled the oral traditions of Judaism there, known as the Talmud, which is an important classic of Judaism. They also prophesied God's salvation, believing that God would send a Messiah to restore the Jewish state and establish an eternal kingdom. These prophecies had a profound impact on later Christianity and Islam.

In 539 BC, King Cyrus II of the Persian Empire conquered the Babylonian Empire and became the new hegemon in the Middle East. Cyrus was an enlightened monarch who respected the beliefs of various ethnic groups and allowed them to return to their hometowns after being abducted by Babylon. At that time, the Jews returned to Jerusalem and rebuilt the temple.

In 63 BC, General Pompeii of the Roman Empire conquered Syria, entered Jewish territory, ended Jewish autonomy, and incorporated Jews into Roman rule,It has caused dissatisfaction among many Jews, who aspire to break free from Roman rule, restore their own country, and organize various forms of resistance,The result was a tragic defeat for the Jews, who were forced to leave their homeland and dispersed to various parts of the world, becoming a nation without a country and a wandering nation.

Jews have encountered different treatments in different regions. In the Middle Ages, Jews were forced to reside in designated areas in many European countries, known as ghettos or Jewish cities. These areas usually have strict restrictions, and Jews are socially excluded.

During World War II, the Nazi Holocaust resulted in the deaths of millions of Jews, which was the greatest disaster in Jewish history. After the war, global sympathy for Jews increased, and the international community supported the establishment of a Jewish state as a refuge for Jews. So in 1947, the United Nations passed a resolution dividing Palestine into Jewish and Arab states, and internationalizing Jerusalem. In 1948, Israel officially declared independence and became the modern State of Israel.

The land under Israel's actual control is divided into several parts: the part assigned to Israel in the United Nations' "Israel Palestine Partition" plan, the West Bank and Gaza areas assigned to Palestine in the "Israel Palestine Partition" plan, the Jerusalem area under United Nations custody, and the occupied Syrian territory of the Golan Heights. Each region implements different administrative management systems.

Due to the human resources advantages of Jewish immigrants in Europe, Israel is the only modern country in the Middle East and far surpasses neighboring Arab countries in terms of technology, education, military, and economy.

Some people may say that Jews have suffered worldwide persecution since World War I and II,Their behaviorIt is a response to these persecutions.becauseNo country is willing to accept them, so they have to create their own country.

Others believe that Israel has achieved economic takeoff under non peaceful conditions and has been in a hostile state with the Palestinian Arabs and surrounding Arab countries since its founding,Bringing endless wars to this land.

Although the United Nations, with the support of Western countries, passed a resolution dividing the Palestinian region into Jewish and Arab states, this division did not completely quell the dissatisfaction of the local Arabs. They believe that Jews have gained too much territorial share, and the League of Arab States has even refused to accept this division plan.