in recent years,Various professionsCheating behavior in competitions is no longer limited to the traditional use of drugs and stimulants, but has shown an endless streamnewMeans.asProfessional cycling competitioninFrom setting physical traps such as nails on the track to more covert technical cheating，Install motors and other components in the wheel hub. With the rapid development of bicycle transmission systems towards electronicization, the core components of high-end bicycles——Wireless transmissions have also become a new target for hacker attacks. Hackers have started using technological means to attempt to gain an unfair competitive advantage by manipulating these transmissions, further exacerbating the challenge of fair competition in professional cycling races.

two thousand and twenty-fourTour de France bicycle race

The wireless transmission system of bicycles, as an important innovation in bicycle transmission technology, has attracted much attention in the bicycle industry in recent years.nothingA line variable speed system is a system that controls bicycle speed changes through electronic signals rather than traditional mechanical cables. It utilizes advanced electronic technology and wireless communication protocols to achieve wireless, precise, and convenient variable speed operation. Compared to traditional mechanical transmission systems, it reduces chain jumping or jamming, providing a more precise shifting experience. Electronic transmission can be completed in an instant, providing faster response time. This precise control ensures that shifting can be completed quickly and accurately even under the most intense riding conditions.andDue to the lack of mechanical cables, this system will not be affected in performance by weather, dirt, or wear and tear.

butWireless Transmission SystemIt also faces significant challenges that cannot be ignoredSecurityProblem.Researchers useExperiments have found that hackers can exploitSoftware defined radio and antenna intercept the speed change signals of the target rider, and replay these signals at critical moments of the race to control the speed change of the target bicycle. They can also forge signals to accidentally shift or fully lock the transmission when not needed. This type of attack can betenConducted beyond meters,thereforeHackers can interfere with target drivers without being detected. If users do not download the latest firmware patches in a timely manner, they may be remotely controlled by hackers, resulting in unexpected gear shifts or complete locking of the transmission on the track, thereby changing the race results and even causing injury accidents.

shimano Di2Wireless transmission components and hacker toolkit for researchers

staytwo thousand and twenty-fourYear'sUsenixAt the security seminar, researchers from the University of California, San Diego and Northeastern University showcased a hacking technique targeting the Shimano wireless transmission system. This technology utilizes hundreds of dollars worth of hardware equipment, including software defined radios, antennas, and laptops, to remotely control the target bicycle gearbox by intercepting and forging gear shift signals.Ximano'sDi2Wireless transmission system is one of the well-known products in the market,sincetwo thousand and nineSince its launch in, after continuous iterations and upgrades, it has now developed into the fourth generation，shimano Di2The wireless transmission system relies on its excellent performancePerformance and reliability occupy an important position in the high-end bicycle market. Many professional riders and cycling enthusiasts choose to ride the ShimanoDi2Use the system's bicycles to participate in races or for long-distance cycling.

Faced with this security vulnerability, Ximano quickly responded and collaborated with the research team to developNew firmware update to enhanceDi2The safety of wireless transmission systems. Users can update the firmware themselves through the application to improve the system's protection capabilities.

This hacking technique reveals the security challenges of modern wireless devices，As more and more devices become networked and wireless, similar security vulnerabilities and attack methods need to be widely concerned and taken seriously. While enjoying the convenience brought by smart devices, we must also attach great importance to the network security issues behind them. Through continuous technological innovation, strengthened safety designenhanceEfforts will be made in various aspects such as user awareness and improving laws and regulations to build a safer and more reliable environment for the use of smart devices.